Lines Under Eyes: Causes, Prevention, and How to Get Rid of Them

Lines under the eyes, often a sign of the natural aging process, are also influenced by environmental factors such as sun exposure, which leads to sun damage, or lifestyle choices like smoking. These lines, or under-eye wrinkles, can highlight the importance of a dedicated skincare routine, incorporating key skincare products like sunscreen with high SPF to prevent UV rays from causing premature aging.

Fine lines under the eyes can be effectively addressed using treatments like lasers, Retin-A, or chemical peels as suggested by many a dermatologist. Deeper creases or lines might benefit more from an injectable, specifically dermal fillers.

Understanding the Lines Under the Eyes

Nestled in the delicate skin area called the periorbital hollow, our eyes face challenges. This skin, thinner than the rest, is prone to puffiness, dark circles, and the onset of crow’s feet due to its fragility. It’s this delicate nature that makes it susceptible to environmental factors and the visible signs of aging faster than other body parts.

The body naturally produces vital proteins like collagen and elastin. These maintain our skin’s elasticity and structure. However, factors like sun exposure or free radicals can deplete collagen production and elastin, leading to the loss of skin structure and appearance of under-eye wrinkles.

Age 20

Starting in the bustling streets of cities like New York to the calm countrysides, from age 20, the body’s collagen production starts its decline. The skin’s capacity to shed dead skin cells decreases. Yet, the presence of lines, specifically under-eye wrinkles, is rare, often attributed to environmental factors or genetics.

Age 30

In this phase, the hydration levels of the skin shift, causing the skin layers to lose moisture interchangeability. This makes the skin appear duller and thinner. By now, aging signs become more noticeable with the formation of fine lines and wrinkles.

Age 40

Post-40, the skin experiences a drastic reduction in collagen production, causing a loss in skin elasticity. The under-eye area reveals more pronounced wrinkles, and skin cells renew less frequently.

In subsequent years, hormonal changes like menopause can further affect the skin’s sensitivity and elasticity, especially in women.

Causes of Lines Under the Eyes

Natural aging process

A decline of 1% in collagen each year from our 20s results in the skin losing its elasticity and hydration. This leads to the appearance of under-eye wrinkles which become more evident with time. This process, known as “intrinsic aging”, affects everyone.

Facial expressions

Constant facial movements like smiling or frowning can cause fine lines to develop around the eyes. Moreover, habitual sleeping postures can result in under-eye wrinkles.

External factors

Factors leading to “extrinsic aging” include:

• UV radiation, a significant cause of premature skin aging, intensifies the development of lines and wrinkles.
• Habits like smoking, not only affect overall wellness but also amplify skin aging. Extended smoking durations enhance the risk of skin issues, including fine lines.
• Inadequate sleep and poor hydration can dull the skin. In the long run, these can accelerate the aging process.

How to Get Rid of Lines Under The Eyes

Various treatments cater to under-eye wrinkles. From microneedling, chemical peels to neurotoxin injections, the right one depends on the depth of your wrinkles. Ensuring a good skincare routine and consulting a dermatologist can help in selecting the best treatment.

Neurotoxins

Neurotoxins, such as Botox, can smooth out the appearance of fine lines when targeted at the under-eye area. The treatment involves injecting the pretarsal muscle, resulting in a broader, smoother under-eye appearance.

Retin-A

Retin-A is a topical treatment derived from Vitamin A that contains Tretinoin, which helps reduce fine lines and dark circles. Retin-A stimulates collagen production, keeping the skin looking youthful and diminishing the appearance of wrinkles.

Lasers

Laser treatments, a type of resurfacing technique, promote collagen production and elastin by creating microscopic punctures in the skin. This treatment is widely recommended by dermatologists for addressing under-eye wrinkles.

Microneedling

Microneedling, also known as dermarolling, is similar to laser treatments. A device with numerous tiny needles creates punctures in the skin, stimulating collagen production and improving the appearance of wrinkles.

Chemical Peels

Chemical peels use alpha-hydroxy acids, such as glycolic acid, to exfoliate the skin’s top layers. This process rejuvenates the skin’s appearance and helps combat under-eye wrinkles.

Microdermabrasion

Microdermabrasion is a technique that uses microcrystals to achieve a similar effect as chemical peels. This treatment promotes collagen production and results in a smoother skin appearance, reducing the visibility of under-eye wrinkles.

Before and afters

Effective Treatments for Deeper Lines Under the Eyes

Fillers

Hyaluronic acid-based dermal fillers, such as Juvéderm and Restylane, are effective in treating deep under-eye wrinkles. These fillers work by restoring volume to the skin, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and hollows under the eyes. Juvéderm Volbella XC, for example, is FDA-approved for use in the under-eye area and has been shown to produce significant improvements in the appearance of under-eye hollows. 

Restylane is another popular option that can be used under the eyes to restore volume and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines. Both Juvéderm and Restylane are considered safe and unlikely to cause allergic reactions, as they are made from substances naturally produced by the body.

Before and afters

Controversial Treatments

While there are numerous methods that have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the appearance of under-eye lines, some treatments remain subjects of debate:

1. Facial Exercises: Some claim that specific facial exercises can help diminish visible signs of aging, especially around the cheeks. However, there isn’t substantial evidence to suggest these exercises significantly reduce under-eye lines.
2. At-Home Remedies: A quick online search offers a plethora of DIY solutions for under-eye wrinkles – from egg whites and watermelon to rice flour masks. Many also believe cucumbers have rejuvenating effects. But it’s essential to note that none of these remedies are clinically proven to be effective.

Prevention

Preventing or delaying the formation of lines is always more effective than treating them after they’ve developed:

1. Limiting Facial Expressions: Reduce repetitive expressions like squinting, especially during prolonged activities such as computer work, to prevent dynamic wrinkles.
2. Hydration: Adequate water intake hydrates the skin, preventing dryness and the appearance of premature aging.
3. Adequate Sleep: Insufficient sleep can hasten aging. It’s recommended that adults get between 7-9 hours of sleep every night.
4. Quit Smoking: Smoking significantly contributes to premature aging. Reducing or quitting can delay the formation of wrinkles.
5. Diet: A balanced diet, especially one rich in vitamins A, C, and E, can help maintain skin health and counteract aging effects.
6. Sun Protection: UV rays accelerate skin aging. Ensure you use sunscreen or protective clothing to shield your skin from direct sunlight.
7. Topical Treatments: Several serums and creams containing retinol, vitamin C, and peptides aim to boost collagen production, thus preventing wrinkle formation.
8. Exfoliation: Though the skin around the eyes is sensitive, gentle exfoliation can stimulate the growth of new skin cells, improving texture and appearance.

Conclusion

Aging is inevitable, and so is the formation of lines under the eyes. But understanding the causes and treatments can help individuals make informed decisions about managing their appearance. Whether opting for preventative measures or seeking treatment, it’s crucial to consider factors like treatment longevity, recovery time, and costs. Always consult with a dermatologist or skincare professional before starting any treatment.